Sunday, September 2, 2012

To bloom or not to bloom?


Now that the dog days of summer are upon us some of you might be noticing buds starting to form on your coleus plants. While tendency to bloom varies from variety to variety, even the most bloom-resistant types of coleus may start to bud in the fall if they aren't regularly tip-pruned. Shorter days and cooler nights are the signal that the end is near and they had better get around to setting seed before the frost. Several factors can contribute to encouraging coleus to bloom. The first is the age of the plant. Coleus plants kept over from year to year in the greenhouse or in tropical climates will need to be pruned regularly to keep blooming tendencies at bay. Most people find that starting each year with fresh plants, purchased or from their own cuttings, is the best way to avoid age-related blooming. The second factor is stress. Temperature extremes, getting too dry, insect infestations, too much or too little light, and being pot bound could cause your plant to go into survival mode and try and set seed. The third factor is the variety of coleus you are growing. Seed-grown varieties are the most likely to bloom early, as are trailing varieties and some older varieties. The fourth factor is day-length and cool nights as mentioned earlier.
Whether or not to let your coleus bloom is a personal preference. Some folks just like the flowers! Coleus blooms are a spike of tiny flowers ranging in color from pale blue (almost white) to purple. They are attractive to butterflies and hummingbirds, which for some people is enough of a reason to let them form. If you have several you can cut them for an attractive blue bouquet. However, there are consequences to letting coleus bloom. As the plants mature and form bloom spikes the coleus can begin to look rangy and unkept. Occasional pruning can help control the size of the coleus and encourage branching for more bushy growth. In addition to blooming, coleus with very large branches can be susceptible to splitting and breaking, especially during wind storms or when being moved. Last, but not least, if you use a systemic insecticide in your soil please do not allow your coleus (or any other plant) to bloom. Butterflies and hummingbirds can be harmed by the nectar of flowers from plants grown in treated soil, and systemic insecticides have been linked to bee colony collapse disorder.
Many people will be timid about cutting their coleus at first, but coleus are very forgiving plants and benefit from being trimmed. They will grow back stronger and bushier than ever. Pruning or pinching coleus is easy! You can use pruners, scissors, or pinch them between your fingernails. If the coleus already has a bloom or a bud simply back down the stem to the first node with a set of leaves and trim just above them. Even if you can't see evidence of new leaf growth leaves will eventually sprout from the node. If you see tiny flower buds forming in the new growth trim back even farther. Occasionally a coleus will have gone too long without pruning and it will be difficult to find new growth without buds. If a coleus is in this condition and the plant is unsightly sometimes the best remedy is the compost bin. Taking cuttings from a coleus that has started to bloom out is usually futile since bloomy cuttings will make bloomy plants, if they root at all. 
Some of the most beautiful coleus varieties will bloom as fall approaches. The trick is to regularly monitor your coleus and pinch back when needed to keep them looking great!


10 comments:

  1. Dear Pam:
    I believe that your opinions about pinching coleus represent the majority of all coleus suppliers, probably because it’s far more efficient to produce large number of plants than seeding. And this also applies in tropical zones even in Taiwan.
    Nevertheless, I would rather choose seeding to preserve my coleus because of the following reasons:
    1. From some older horticultural literature, coleus would be seriously defined as cutting-grown when they rarely bloom or few seeds can be produced after blooming. And cutting form these cultivars can provide young plants just like their mother plants.(no blooming in a short time, of course) Plants matching these requirements are the real cutting-grown cultivars. For example, some trailing Coleus like Trailing Strawberry belong to this type even they bloom occasionally.
    2.On the other hand, plants that bloom and produce seeds easily should be characterized as seed-grown, such as the Rainbow Series. These cultivars cannot be preserved merely by cutting again and again, seeding is more reliable for preserving these plants. I feel rather confused when I find that most of your products are characterized as cutting-grown, because some of them actually grow like the Rainbow Series, instead of the rigid defined cutting-grown type.
    3.Another reason is that these cultivars will not sustain for more than 1 year even though we don’t have the problem of overwintering in Taiwan. No matter how you proceed pinching, they will finally become weak and die. Compared to cutting, a young seed-grown plant can provide more colorful foliage with longer lifespan, while pinching can only stop blooming in a short time, and bring us more and more branching with smaller leaves. That is not good enough if you want to keep good quality of their foliage. And the most serious is that cutting from these branches cannot guarantee the same quality as those grow from seeds, in fact they will bloom again and die sooner. Therefore I still need to collect their seeds to breed new plants at the end.
    4.The last thing is that growing from seeds may bring us more versified hybrids. This happens more often while using some cultivars probably because they were not developed from a stable basis. For example, the seeds for Careless Love may develop at least 4 or 5 different types which might have been renamed by some of your retailers. So it is possible to get new ones through seeding that we have never met before.
    biker(Chih-hung Yu)

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    1. Mine do fine in Hong Kong, some I'v had for years and years. Some are more vigorous than others for example C. Henna is a weak grower but always comes back each year with a hard prune, some like Party lime spread by themsleves rooting as they go. I find the true from seed varieties dont do well in the sun, easily collapsing with heat and humidity.

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  3. How can I stop my coleus from flowering? I have lost several of them already because of flowering themselves to death. I have got Electric Lime indoors under a light but if i turn off the light for even just a few hours, the next day it starts flowering. Leaves keep dying and falling off and flowers keep forming. I rooted a cutting and it only has 2 sets of flowers and it's blooming! I feel helpless for saving the plant. My goal is to perpetually grow coleus for years from the same plant and have some to share, but i can't leave a light on 24 hours a day. One thing I noticed is a coleus that gets morning sun, hasn't flowered (a trailing variety), while a normal variety that only gets evening sun, flowered to death. The one indoors flowers as soon as I cut the light off. I have slept with the light on several times to help it, but again, just 1 night with the light out and flowers emerge. Maybe sunrise sun (bright sun) helps deter flowers?

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  9. Does all varities flowering? Some says that china rose doesnt give flowers is thats true?

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